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| High rates of nitrogen fixation in equatorial upwelling region |
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submitted by tohmod 18 minutes ago - Topic: Environment |
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Surface waters in upwelling regions of the ocean are generally rich in nutrients. Scientists had thought that these areas would have low rates of nitrogen fixation because diazotrophs—microbes that convert nitrogen gas from the atmosphere into usable forms, such as ammonia—could use the nutri...
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| Guiding future research on the Madden-Julian Oscillation |
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submitted by tohmod 18 minutes ago - Topic: Environment |
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Much as the recurrent variations of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) affect climate and drive strong interannual variability across the planet, the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO)—a months-long, semireliable cycle—affects everything from the Indian monsoon to Pacific hurricanes to N...
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| Predicting fire activity using terrestrial water storage data |
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submitted by tohmod 18 minutes ago - Topic: Environment |
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High fire activity periods in the Amazon region can be predicted months in advance on the basis of water storage data, a new study shows. Chen et al. analyzed satellite observations of terrestrial water storage from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission, along with satellite...
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| A global map of the ocean's climate |
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submitted by tohmod 18 minutes ago - Topic: Environment |
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Drawing on a massive set of ocean observations, Schmidtko et al. designed and built a map of the climate of the upper ocean, charting the regional properties in temperature and salinity for the global ocean. The authors’ map takes aspects of ocean physics into account to better detail the ocean...
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| Characterizing the Moon's radiation environment |
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submitted by tohmod 18 minutes ago - Topic: Environment |
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The radiation environment near the Moon could be damaging to humans and electronics on future missions. To characterize this potentially hazardous environment, the Cosmic Ray Telescope for the Effects of Radiation (CRaTER) on board the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter mission, which orbits at 50 kilo...
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| Extensive Antarctic campaign finds cold bias in satellite records |
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submitted by tohmod 18 minutes ago - Topic: Environment |
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Advances in satellite sensing have now made it possible to track changes in the world's most remote locations. Over the Antarctic continental interior, the vast majority of profiles of atmospheric temperature are provided by satellite remote sensing, making proper calibration of the satellite obs...
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| Three-dimensional mapping of airflow over dunes |
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submitted by tohmod 18 minutes ago - Topic: Environment |
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Similar to the way a river, flowing across Earth's surface, influences sediment transport and shaping of the landscape, coastal winds, which flow over dunes, affect how the dune shapes evolve and how sand is transported along the coast. Wind flow over dunes has been extensively studied, but in mo...
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| First global analysis of the hum produced by body waves |
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submitted by tohmod 18 minutes ago - Topic: Environment |
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Driven by oceanic and atmospheric waves and turbulence and their interactions with the surface and the sea floor, the Earth produces a low-frequency song known as “seismic hum,” a regular background hiss of seismic waves. By applying a mathematical technique known as cross-correlation interfe...
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| Another “Great Tolbachik” Eruption? |
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submitted by tohmod 18 minutes ago - Topic: Environment |
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On 27 November 2012 at 1715 local time, a focused swarm of earthquakes was interpreted as the start of a new ongoing eruption on the south flank (Tolbachinsky Dol) of Plosky Tolbachik volcano in east central Kamchatka, Russia (Figure 1a) [Samoylenko et al., 2012]. Visual observations on 29 Novem...
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| Carbon dioxide tops 400 ppm at Mauna Loa, Hawaii |
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submitted by tohmod 18 minutes ago - Topic: Environment |
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The daily mean concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere at Mauna Loa, Hawaii, hit 400.03 parts per million (ppm) on 9 May, marking the first time the concentration there has topped 400 ppm since measurements began at Mauna Loa in 1958, the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Admi...
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| NOAA draft research and development plan released |
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submitted by tohmod 18 minutes ago - Topic: Environment |
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The U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has released a new draft version of its 5-year research and development (R&D) plan for 2013–2017, Research and Development at NOAA: Environmental Understanding to Ensure America's Vital and Sustainable Future. The plan, which was a...
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| RADARSAT-1 no longer operational |
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submitted by tohmod 18 minutes ago - Topic: Environment |
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The Canadian Space Agency's workhorse RADARSAT-1, the nation's first Earth observation satellite, is no longer operational, the agency announced on 9 May. The satellite, which launched in 1995, had experienced a technical anomaly in March that could not be resolved. RADARSAT-2, launched in 2007, ...
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| Urban Waters partnership expands |
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submitted by tohmod 18 minutes ago - Topic: Environment |
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The Urban Waters Federal Partnership has expanded to include 11 new additions throughout the United States, bringing the number of sites in the program to 18, the White House Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) announced on 10 May at a briefing in Grand Rapids, Mich.
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| Advancing Reflectometry |
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submitted by tohmod 18 minutes ago - Topic: Environment |
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Reflectometry, a microwave remote-sensing technique to extract geophysical data from scattered satellite transmissions, was first demonstrated using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) reflections. Recently, reflectometry has been extended to the reutilization of digital communication satel...
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